A collection of english esl relative clauses powerpoints for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach about. German relative clauses are always set off by commas. The conjugated verb normally comes at the end of the relative clause. The goal is that you really understand how relative clauses work in german and that youve seen and understood how various things are expressed and constructed in german. German only rarely omits the relative pronoun as we often do in english. Relative pronouns have to be declined according to the case.
In order to form a relative clause we need a relative pronoun or a relative adverb. In the grammar chart below, you can see the main differences between them. Like adjectives, pronouns change their form according to gender, case and quantity. A relative pronoun connects a relative clause with a superordinate clause. Put the relative pronoun in brackets if you can leave it out. Finally, be sure the head noun has a verb after the adjective clause. In german grammar, relative clauses are always set off by commas. German relative pronouns are the words which join two clauses together. The presentation will first introduce the concept of relative pronouns and clauses. They can act as the subject or the object of the relative clause.
Well, as we have seen in the description, german relative clauses can give additional information about subject or object and, additionally, convert to main clauses into a complex clause. Relative clauses relative pronouns mixed relative pronouns 1 level. The relative pronoun acts as a subject and the conjugated verb is placed at the end of the relative clause. Relative clauses defining and nondefining test english. They are introduced by relative pronouns relativpronomen. In the following exercises you have to add or enter the appropriate relative pronouns and prepositions. Relative pronouns german for english speakersgerman for. Complete the sentences with relative pronouns or relative adverbs. The noun that is modified is called the antecedent. A clause of this kind is essential to the clear understanding of the noun.
As the name suggests, a ndrc is a clause that provides supplementary information not defining information. Below are links to some basic checkyourself tests for relative pronouns. You can find the right relative pronoun if you read the relative clause carefully and the preposition usually belongs to the verb. Relative pronouns adjective clauses whose vs of which vs of whom subject exercises.
English grammar relative clauses relative clauses introduction there are two types of relative clauses. This video shows you a neat way to quickly deal with the relative clauses in the. The relative pronouns reflect gender, number, and case. And with that said, now lets take a look at how it works in german. You simply type or choose the correct word pronoun, and the test will tell you whether its correct or not. They cannot stand on their own but must be part of a sentence. It was my exgirlfriend, who was from venezuela, that sold my car. Relative clauses give more precise information about a noun or pronoun in the superordinate clause. Note that some of them also function as interrogative pronouns. The goal of this exercise is not that you can use relative clauses perfectly after it. The exercises below will help you learn and practice the different forms as well as types of pronouns used. German relative pronouns learn german with languageeasy.
The woman who he is thinking about is his girlfriend. In identifying relative clauses, either which or that can be used to. The relative clause is linked to the superordinate clause with a relative pronoun. The plan that he is thinking about will take a lot of work.
Relative pronouns relative pronouns are the words that introduce relative clauses. So, thats why a german relative clause can be in the nominative, accusative, dative and genitive case. In german these relative pronouns are fully declined, and the relative clause is usually set off with commas. In case you want to add on an extra clause to a sentence, you will be joining it up with a german relative pronoun. The german relative clauses in under 3 minutes the german relative clauses are pretty simple to construct. Relative clauses give more information about the noun or pronoun in the superordinate clause. Relative pronouns relative pronouns introduce relative clauses. Relative clauses generally come immediately after the word to which they relate the antecedent. Learn about the construction and word order of german relative clauses online with lingolia. And german relative clauses are different to english ones in pretty much every aspect well, except the core feature of being a relative clause.
By the way, the clause which is added to the sentence by a german relative pronoun is called relative. Relative pronouns german free german exercises and lessons. There are two types of relative clauses, defining and nondefining. First of, german does not have this notion of defining or nondefining. Defining and nondefining relative clauses,reduction of relative clauses and exercises covering this subject. Relative pronouns a free german exercise to learn german. We dont need a relative pronoun, because the first word in the relative clause is not a verb. Relative clauses and contact clauses englischtipps.
In german, as opposed to english, the relative pronoun cannot be omitted. Relative clauses a free german exercise to learn german. This closed captioned, high definition video examines how to use german relative pronouns and clauses. The relative pronoun is always which, and the clause is always nonrestrictive. A relative clause is a subordinate clause that gives more information about a noun or pronoun in the superordinate clause. Relative clauses can be used to join two sentences together, or to identify people and things and give more information about them. The relative clause is linked to the superordinate clause by a relative pronoun.
In relative clauses, just as in dependent clauses, the finite verb goes to the end. Heres a list of all the relative clause exercises on the site. Thus, normally, the relative pronoun will be the first word in the clause, unless it is used with a preposition, which will precede it. Grammatik relative clauses and contact clauses 3 exercise 4 fill in the correct relative pronoun who, which or whose. They function rather like adjectives, and are found as postmodifiers in a noun phrase. In some of the sentences, you can leave off the relative pronoun. A subordinate clause can come before or after the main clause. The conjugated verb is usually at the end of the relative clause. Defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way as to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. A subordinate clause begins with a subordinating conjunction like wenn, weil, als. Learn about relative pronouns in german grammar and practise using them in the nominative, accusative, dative and genitive with lingolias online lesson and exercises.
Learn about the construction and word order of german relative clauses with lingolia. English esl relative clauses powerpoint presentations. Relative clauses practice relative pronouns exercise 1 2 3 who vs which exercise 1 2 3 which or where exercise drag and drop exercises. Some sections have hints or explanations when you choose a wrong answer.
Sometimes an adjective clause modifies an entire sentence. The function of relative pronouns in english is usually served by that, who or which. Lets look at them all in detail because this is very important. Advanced choose the correct response to complete each relative clauses. A relative clause generally comes directly after the word it refers to, separated by a comma. If it is the object, you just need to follow the object with the relative clause. Exercise 1 combine the two sentences using who, whose, which et where. Then put your knowledge to the test in the free exercises.
The relative pronouns which and that can replace the pronoun it. There are two rules in german that make recognizing relative clauses easier than in english. Esl english relative clauses quiz 5 mixed relative. Relative clauses german free german exercises and lessons. We have them in english, too they usually are introduced by. Relative clauses normally begin with who, whom, whose, or that. The table provides an overview of masculine, feminine, neuter and plural relative pronouns in all four german cases.
See if you can add the correct relative pronouns into these sentences. In german, the relative pronoun always has to be in the dependent sentence. Relative clause exercise 1 2 advanced relative clause exercise 3 4 intermediate pdf exercises. A subordinate clause is also known as a dependent clause because it cannot stand by itself. Relative clauses can be nominative, accusative, dative or genitive. Chapter14 i adjective clauses 231 occasionally, other words may come between the antecedent and the adjective clause. A relative clause is also a type of subordinate clause. Comparing to english to german, the relative pronouns can sometime be left out. Personal pronouns are ich, du, er, sie, es, wir, ihr and sie and are the equivalent of the english, i, you, he, she, it, we, you and they. Relative pronoun genitive relative pronouns relative pronouns relative pronouns relative pronouns relative pronouns relative pronouns relative clauses doubleclick on words you dont understand.